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Timeliness of a vaccination campaign in Mayotte (shortage of drinking water)

Against a backdrop of a shortage of drinking water as a result of persistent drought in Mayotte, the French High Council for Public Health (HCSP) has issued an opinion on the advisability of implementing vaccination campaigns against four faecal-peril-related infections in the territory: cholera, typhoid fever, hepatitis A and poliomyelitis.

Following an analysis of the epidemiological situation, vaccination coverage and the value of carrying out vaccination campaigns given the situation, the HCSP considers that, despite the shortage of drinking water in Mayotte, the current epidemiological situation on the island for cholera, typhoid fever, hepatitis A and poliomyelitis does not justify an early vaccination campaign for the entire population of Mayotte against these 4 diseases. In the case of typhoid fever alone, targeted early vaccination could be offered to people living in unsanitary areas with a high incidence of the disease (>100 cases/100,000 inhabitants).

Although the risk of reintroduction and epidemic of cholera and the risk of cases of poliomyelitis is low, the HCSP recommends setting up environmental monitoring of wastewater to detect any circulation of vibrio cholerae and poliovirus at an early stage. This environmental monitoring and the strengthening of the health surveillance system in place in Mayotte will enable the early detection of the appearance (cholera, poliomyelitis) or resurgence (typhoid fever, hepatitis A) of cases. Where necessary, the vaccination response strategy will be defined in real time, based on the epidemiological situation.

For these 4 diseases, it is therefore necessary to ensure that sufficient stocks of vaccines are pre-positioned in the country.

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